various sports.

2015年2月11日
Guide to PC Life Simulation Games
Simulated Life Simulation is one of the largest video game categories, for both PC and console. It covers a wide variety of games of many types and difficulties, and with a variety of audiences. But they all have something in common. Whereas in a typical computer game the goal is to win to fight the last boss or defeat all your enemies or reach a certain goal most simulation games cannot be won. Even in those that can, the focus is not on winning or completing the game.
Instead, in simulation games the focus is on the experience. They are about being in a virtual world and exploring its possibilities for as long as you want to. You can’t ’win’ in life, so neither can you ’win’ these games. You can sometimes lose, however, by dying or crashing or running out of money. But even then you can return again and again to explore the same environment.
Rather than trying to describe all simulation games at the same time, since they vary so much, in this article we will go over the most common simulation genres, their major features, and some typical games. With so much to choose from, it’s likely at least one genre will peak your interest.
Virtual Life GamesThis is arguably the most popular simulation genre. Life simulation games let you control one or more living beings (usually humans) and direct their lives. The focus in these games is on social interaction and the development of the world and its characters. You can build and/or buy items and homes for your simulation characters, and control them as they play out everyday routines. While there are sometimes minigames and lesser goals to reach, these games stretch on as long as you want to keep returning to the world you’ve created.
The most common life simulation game is the Sims series The Sims, The Sims 2, The Sims 3, and its many expansion packs. In games you control one or more virtual people and can build an environment for them to live in. They are born, grow old, and die, allowing you to preside over many generations of the same family. You can choose to have a great deal of control over their lives, micromanaging everything they do, or you can let them choose for themselves most of the time and watch how they interact.
The other major sub category of this genre is pet simulation games, which allow you to raise and train virtual pets. You can interact with your pets, feed them, and care for them. A newer, more unusual member of this sub genre is Viva Pi in which you are given a virual space a garden and must tend it and the animal like pi that live on your land. You can mate your pinatas, attract new ones, and play several minigames. There are also enemies that try to enter and wraek havoc on your garden, which you must fend off using various methods.
Construction and Management GamesIn the virtual life games you can often edit and build houses and other buildings, but the focus is on the social interactions of the characters. In management simulation games, however, building and managing your environment is the focus. These games have strong economies and ways for you to earn money so you can continue to improve on your developments. While there are often sub goals, most of these games do not officially end and allow you to continue building and developing indefinitely.
City building simulation games are a popular sub genre. One of the first of these to achieve success was SimCity and its later versions, which focus on the creation of a virtual city. You can develop your city for as long as you want, although you will experience periodic disasters (everything from lightning strikes to alien attacks). Most SimCity games also allow you to play a timed version of the game with a specific goal or set of goals, which are often historically based.
Other games like fake oakleys RollerCoaster Tycoon allow you to build an attraction and earn money off visitors and tourists. Finally, pure economic games such as Hollywood Mogul are related to this genre, although they focus not on construction but on methods for making money. In Hollywood Mogul, for example, you can choose sets, plots, and actors in your attempts to create blockbuster movies.
Vehicle Games These simulation games put you behind the wheel of a vehicle, usually a car or plane, and allow you to experience driving or flying. They are not cheap nfl jerseys as open ended as life and management simulation games, and usually include set races or missions to complete. But the focus is not on winning but on mastering the vehicle, and often there is a way to play in a free form environment.
Racing games such as the Grand Prix and NASCAR series put you behind the wheel of a car or motorcycle. cheap nfl jerseys Flight simulators put you in control of a variety of planes, either military or civilian. Some incorporate racing aspects or the ability to upgrade your plane. In military games you are given missions and combat opportunities, while civilian based simulations such as the Microsoft Flight Simulator games are more open ended. Other games allow you to simulate driving trains, tanks, and ships, and more.
Sports Games As the name suggests, these games allow you to simulate playing various sports. These include everything from traditional team sports to modern extreme sports, and the games often use the names of players and teams from the real world. Sports simulation games are competitive and realistic, requiring good reflexes and accuracy. They are also immersive and offer play by play feedback. Popular examples are Madden NFL, an American football simulation, and NBA Live 2003, a basketball simulation. Other games allow you to simulate golf, hockey, baseball, soccer, wrestling, and skateboarding.
As with any genre, the best way to really understand the simulation game is to experience it for yourself. This genre is so broad, there is something to interest casual and veteran gamers alike. And if you’re new to PC gaming in general, check out our guides to the role playing game, first person shooter, strategy, and action adventure genres cheap evening dresses online as well.

their linebackers

2015年2月11日
Blake Bortles the new No
Have you heard the news? New Houston Texans coach Bill O’Brien said some kind words about Central Florida quarterback Blake Bortles. He also had nice things to say about Texas A quarterback Johnny Manziel. Meanwhile, Texans owner Bob McNair was gushing over Jadeveon Clowney. He also said the team is open to trading the No. 1 pick in the 2014 NFL Draft. To recap: We have no idea what the Texans are going to do when they’re officially on the clock in May.
The pre draft process is just beginning. Free agency, the NFL Scouting Combine and pro days will all provide insight into how teams value certain players and which direction they could go with their first round picks. There are a variety of scenarios to consider in the first few rounds, so let’s throw in a few trades and extend the mock draft to two rounds to get a different look http://www.packersauthenticofficialshop.com/EDDIE_LACY_SUPER_BOWL_JERSEY.html at the 2014 NFL Draft.
The Houston Texans are throwing up a lot of mixed signals as noted above. From what we know about O’Brien, he seems to prefer a bigger quarterback in the mold of a typical, drop back passer. Bortles certainly fits that mold. O’Brien also has a strong relationship with UCF coach George O’Leary, which could come into play. Teddy Bridgewater is still the top quarterback on our board. That’s unlikely to change between now and May, but it’s tough to ignore the buzz Bortles has created for himself. He attacks the intermediate areas of the field well and has the mobility to extend plays. He’s certainly in play for the top pick.
2. TRADE Atlanta Falcons (via St. Louis Rams) Jadeveon Clowney, Defensive End, South Carolina
Here’s our first trade. The Falcons give up their second round pick to move up from No. 6 to No. 2. The Rams don’t have needs that match this pick, so it makes sense for them to move down and collect more value. St. Louis fans may get annoyed with the team moving back again, but it could happen if a team is willing to move up for one of the top players in this draft.
Atlanta desperately needs an edge rusher, and there’s a considerable gap between Clowney and the next best player at the position. Clowney may have had a down year, according to some, but he still looked every bit as explosive and physically dominant as a junior. The word "rare" is thrown around too often when discussing NFL Draft prospects, but if one player fits that description, it’s Clowney.
The Falcons need to pull themselves out of the cellar. We need to see more of this from Thomas Dimitroff.
3. Jacksonville Jaguars Teddy Aaron Rodgers Super Bowl XLIX Jersey Bridgewater, Quarterback, Louisville
The Texans might regret passing on Bridgewater. They will really regret it if he ends up becoming a Jacksonville Jaguar. Bridgewater has been getting knocked for his frame. He’s a bit short and could stand to add a few pounds. His size doesn’t make him any less of a quarterback prospect, though. Instead of fretting over 10 pounds or a few inches on his frame, teams should pay close attention to Bridgewater’s ability to sense and deal with pressure in the pocket and his consistent display of accuracy on all levels of the defense. He still needs to refine his vertical passing game, but Bridgewater has the arm strength and anticipation to be a big time passer. The Jaguars are obviously in dire need of a quarterback, and they get a gift here as the best prospect at the position falls to them at No. 3.
4. Cleveland Browns Johnny Manziel, Quarterback, Texas A Browns’ interest in Johnny Manziel has been documented. A report even surfaced that Cleveland would be willing to trade up in the draft to get him. Debate Manziel’s pro potential all you want, but it’s becoming more and more likely that he will be a top five pick in the 2014 NFL Draft. He’s improved both his footwork and arm strength since winning the Heisman Trophy. Some team will fall in love with his ability to extend plays and willingness to take shots down field.
5. Oakland Raiders Jake Matthews, Offensive Tackle, Texas A the No. 5 pick, the Raiders are on the outside looking in when it comes to landing a quarterback in the 2014 NFL Draft. Instead, they address the offensive line. Jake Matthews can play either tackle spot and would be able to contribute right away in Oakland. He’s also the best player on the board, and he fills a need for the Raiders.
6. TRADE St. Louis Rams (via Atlanta Falcons) Sammy Watkins, Wide Receiver, Clemson
St. Louis is able to trade back and still land one of the top prospects in the 2014 class. If the Rams are planning to stick with Sam Bradford at quarterback, surrounding him with weapons has to be a Clay Matthews Super Bowl XLIX Jersey priority. While the team drafted Tavon Austin and Stedman Bailey a year ago, neither has the skill set that Sammy Watkins does. Bradford wouldn’t have many more excuses for those like this if he had Austin and Watkins to throw to.
7. TRADE Pittsburgh Steelers (via Tampa Bay Buccaneers) Greg Robinson, Offensive Tackle, Auburn
New Tampa Bay Buccaneers general manager Jason Licht said the team is willing to trade down this year. Most general managers will say that at some point before the draft, but it takes the right scenario for a trade to fall into place. If the Buccaneers decide they are happy with the offensive tackles on their roster, they could look to any of the needy teams picking later in the first round and gauge interest in Auburn’s Greg Robinson.
The Steelers haven’t had a ton of success drafting offensive tackles in recent years, and Robinson would be the type of mauler they covet. Pittsburgh general manager Kevin Colbert has a history of moving up when the situation calls for it. Landing a player like Robinson could be that type of situation.
Ben Roethlisberger would be almost as excited about this pick as he was about the Royal Rumble on Sunday.
9. Buffalo Bills Ha’sean Clinton Dix, Safety, www.packersauthenticofficialshop.com/JORDY_NELSON_SUPER_BOWL_JERSEY.html Alabama
Jairus Byrd’s contract situation will be a key story to follow in Buffalo. If Byrd gets away this offseason, the Bills could address safety early in the 2014 NFL Draft. So many teams in the NFL need safety help, and Ha’sean Clinton Dix is the clear top prospect at the position. As a result, it wouldn’t be shocking to see him climb into the top 10 by the time the draft rolls around. He was trusted with more responsibility this season and handled it well. He has superior range to other safeties in this class and can play in the box to support the run when needed.
10. Detroit Lions Justin Gilbert, Cornerback, Oklahoma State
The Lions went from playing quite a bit of zone coverage in 2012 to a scheme that required their cornerbacks to play more press coverage in man to man situations. Oklahoma State’s Justin Gilbert is at his best when he’s asked to play close to the line of scrimmage and jam a receiver. He Clay Matthews Super Bowl 49 Jersey has the hips to turn and run with anyone. It’s only when he’s asked to play off the line of scrimmage that his footwork suffers.
11. Mosley, Aaron Rodgers Super Bowl 49 Jersey Linebacker, Alabama
While Tennessee has been stockpiling speedy outside linebackers, inside linebacker remains a big hole on its defense. Mosley seems to be slipping a bit after an underwhelming end to his senior season. Still, he’s rarely taken out of position and his ability to play sideline to sideline would fit nicely with what the Titans have looked for in their linebackers.
They may also have a Jake Locker problem to deal with at some point. But we can talk about that later.
12. New York Giants Xavier Su’a Filo, Offensive Guard, UCLA
The Giants have been adding pieces to their offensive line in recent years, but guard remains an area of concern for this team. Zack Martin of Notre Dame was generating buzz at the Senior Bowl, but UCLA’s Xavier Su’a Filo is our top ranked guard prospect. He has versatility New York will appreciate and the movement skills to make him worth this slot.
13. St. Louis Rams Calvin Pryor, Safety, Louisville
St. Louis has built one of the best front sevens in football, but the back end of the defense still needs work. Enter Calvin Pryor. Safeties could be pushed up draft boards this spring because of how many teams have a need at the position. Pryor finished the season strong and is our No. 2 safety at the moment.

>22. Philadelphia Eagles:

2015年2月11日
Behold Peter Schrager’s seven
There’s been three more versions along the way, all of which leads to this my annual seven round mock draft. That would be 256 picks. http://www.packersauthenticofficialshop.com/AARON_RODGERS_SUPER_BOWL_JERSEY.html 1 to 256.
So print this out, spread it out amidst the buffalo wings http://www.packersauthenticofficialshop.com/CLAY_MATTHEWS_SUPER_BOWL_JERSEY.html and tortilla chips, and start getting to know Winston Salem linebacker Carlos Fields, the 212th player I have being selected in this year’s draft (great wingspan and a two time CIAA Defensive Player of the Year!).
1. No first round trades are included or hypothesized, but I do expect several towards the third hour of the first round. The bottom third of the first round could be completely shuffled, with teams looking for a quarterback moving up Eddie Lacy Super Bowl XLIX Jersey into the 20s to grab them before the start of Day 2. There’s great incentive for a team to draft a quarterback in the first round as opposed to the second. The current CBA gives teams a fifth year option on a first round pick; just four year deals for second round selections.
2. I’ve made some slight changes to the first round based on conversations I’ve had with teams over the last couple of days, but I expect multiple teams to trade up in the first 10, causing the current order below to be thrown into flux. So, cut me some slack if I don’t go 32 for 32 in the first round. Please.
1. Houston Texans: Jadeveon Clowney, DE, South Carolina: As one source told me a few weeks back, "Is he a risk? Maybe. Is it a bigger risk to pass on him? Yes." The comparisons to Lawrence Taylor have been scoffed at, but Clowney is as good, if not better, than Taylor coming out of college. Watt, and suddenly Andrew Luck isn’t so comfortable in the AFC South for the next 10 years. In front of a group of reporters, I spoke with Clowney on Wednesday and he said with a smile, "I don’t think they’re going to pass. I think it will be (me). If I have to (go) No. 2, I’m going to be upset. I’m going to have to do something about it."
2. St. Louis Rams: Greg Robinson, OT, Auburn: St. Louis could trade this pick. Whether they can find a suitor or not is another issue. It’s worked before (they’re still reaping the benefits of the RG3 trade) and they’re going to be open to any and all suitors here. If they stay here, they’ll go with Robinson. I think Larry Allen was arguably the greatest, most dominant offensive lineman to ever play the game of football. Multiple scouts have compared Greg Robinson to Larry Allen. How’s that for high expectations? He can play tackle or guard and the potential’s limitless.
3. Jacksonville Jaguars: Johnny Manziel, QB, Texas A For two years, we’ve been going back and forth on where Johnny Manziel ends up. When it’s all said and done, I think Jags GM David Caldwell in his second year on the job rolls the dice and turns Jacksonville into the most relevant professional team in the state of Florida. Jacksonville is in an ideal spot with the third pick and could go Mike Evans, Sammy Watkins, or Blake Bortles here (I see them going offense, not defense), too. But I think it’s Manziel. Pair him with offensive coordinator and wunderkind Jedd Fisch, build an offense around him, and send the CBS trucks there for Week 1’s national game.
4. Cleveland Browns: Sammy Watkins, WR, Clemson: I’ve gone back and forth and in a million circles on Cleveland over the past few days. As one NFL executive told me, "The Browns hold the keys to the entire Draft. What they do at four will set dominoes in motion for the next 10 teams." So, what do they do? I think they go with Watkins, the do everything receiver, who can serve as the complement to Josh Gordon and Jordan Cameron in the Browns offense. A bevy of quarterbacks will be available with the 26th and 35th picks.
5. Oakland Raiders: Khalil Mack, LB, Buffalo: The Raiders loaded up on household names in free agency, adding veterans up and down the roster. The biggest move, however, was the trade for Matt Schaub. The Oakland brass believes he’s got some good football left in him and could lead this team back to relevancy and I know offensive coordinator Greg Olson likes him. It’s either Mike Jordy Nelson Super Bowl XLIX Jersey Evans or Mack, here, and I’ve got Oakland going with the pass rush specialist out of Buffalo.
6. Atlanta Falcons: Jake Matthews, OT, Texas A The Falcons have to keep Matt Ryan upright if they stand a chance in the loaded NFC South. Matthews, the son of NFL great Bruce Matthews, is a 6 foot 5, 310 pound brick wall. He’s so athletic and nimble on his feet that he looks like a tight end at times. Some NFL folks like Matthews as much, if not more, than Robinson. Great fit for the Falcons if they stay put at No. 6 overall.
7. Tampa Bay Buccaneers: Mike Evans, WR, Texas A Jason Licht and Lovie Smith would be awfully happy if the draft played out this way and Evans lands in their laps without having to trade up into the top five. Evans is right up there with Watkins on a few teams’ boards, and the value of getting a 6 4 receiver with pass catching ability like Evans at seventh overall is off the charts. If Evans is gone, this pick could be Aaron Donald, the big defensive tackle out of Pitt. And if Manziel is still on the board, this is where it gets interesting.
8. Minnesota Vikings: Justin Gilbert, CB, Oklahoma State: Remember, Mike Zimmer’s a defensive backs coach at heart. And Justin Gilbert in a relatively weak defensive back class is an absolute stud. An athletic specimen who can step right in and be a lockdown corner in a division loaded with tall, rangy receivers, this could be the pick at No. 8. I can’t see Minnesota going quarterback at this point, though defensive tackle might be the move.
9. Buffalo Bills: Odell Beckham, Jr., WR, LSU: Want to talk about a player whose stock is rising by the hour? Beckham’s the guy. Manuel and feature one of the top front sevens in the entire league. Robert Woods and Marquise Goodwin two rookies from a season ago have promise at wide receiver with Stevie Johnson. Doug Marrone and offensive coordinator Nathaniel Hackett’s offense is obviously still a work in progress, but adding Beckham would be a nice bonus. He can do it all and I’m hearing Buffalo as a landing spot more and more.
10. Detroit Lions: Aaron Donald, DT, Pittsburgh: Suh and Fairley’s contracts are up in the near future and Donald falls to Detroit at 10th overall? I think they’d scoop him up. As one scout told me in March, If he was one inch taller he’d be talked about like a top three pick. So, Donald’s somewhat undersized, but he pops off film and his production at the college level was off the charts. He ran the fastest 40 yard dash for defensive tackles at the Combine and was dominant at the Senior Bowl the entire week in Mobile. Scouts love this guy.
11. Tennessee Titans: Blake Bortles, QB, Central Florida: I’ve been hearing cornerback or pass rusher for Tennessee the past few weeks, but if Bortles slips all the way to 11, Ken Whisenhunt an offensive mind at heart may go quarterback. As one coach put it to me at the NFL League Meetings in March, "People scoff at the Roethlisberger comparisons, but watch the way he escapes trouble in the pocket. There’s one guy who does it like [Bortles] does, and it’s Roethlisberger." Jake Locker’s offered mixed results and hasn’t been able to stay healthy. The fifth year of his option wasn’t picked up last week. The writing’s on the wall. If Bortles is on the board, I like him as a Titan.
12. New York Giants: Zack Martin, OG/OT, Notre Dame: The Giants could be looking at Taylor Lewan, the two top safeties, tight end Eric Ebron and Odell Beckham, Jr. if they’re all on the board, here. But Martin is the guy. He could play either tackle, Eddie Lacy Super Bowl 49 Jersey either guard, and can play center. Some sources around the league tell me the Giants aren’t even sure he’ll be there at 12. They hope he is.
The Rams defense is on the cusp of being one of the league’s very best, if they’re not in the conversation already. Safety is a position they’d like to upgrade. Rodney McLeod and TJ McDonald are the projected starters now. Pryor, who I actually have rated slightly higher than Alabama prospect Ha Ha Clinton Dix, is an explosive hitter with fantastic range. He fits the Rams’ defensive style. He plays angry, aggressive, and can make a difference right away. If Johnny Manziel slips around here, he could be a wild card pick at 13, too. Jeff Fisher’s a fan.
14. The Bears could use someone like that in the middle of their defense. Linebacker’s a tradition in Chicago. Butkus, Singletary, Urlacher . big shoes to fill, but Mosley could be handed the torch. I like this fit for Chicago. Mosley could play inside or outside and should be a tackle machine at the next level.
15. Pittsburgh Steelers: Kyle Fuller, CB, Virginia Tech: Fuller’s rocketed up draft boards in recent weeks and could go as high as the top 15. A Virginia Tech standout, he’s got good NFL size and can make an impact right off the bat. Comes from an NFL family (brothers Vincent and Corey) and can contribute on special teams. Good fit for a cornerback group that could use some more depth.
16. Dallas Cowboys: Kony Ealy, DE, Missouri: Not the flashiest name on the board, but one that could help the Cowboys’ ailing pass rush. Mizzou has become a bit of a defensive line factory in recent years with Aldon Smith, Ziggy Hood, and Sheldon Richardson all going in the first round. Ealy’s the next in line. A 6 5, 280 pound force on the edge, he could be a sound addition to a pass rush that’ll desperately miss the presence of DeMarcus Ware.
17. Baltimore Ravens: Ha Ha Clinton Dix, S, Alabama: I haven’t seen Clinton Dix mocked to the Ravens many other places, Jordy Nelson Super Bowl Jersey but it’d make some sense if he fell all the way to 17th overall. Safety is a position of need (Matt Elam could play one spot; Clinton Dix could play the other), and Ozzie Newsome loves his Alabama guys.
18. New York Jets: Eric Ebron, TE, North Carolina: Jets fans in Radio City would be thrilled to see the athletic Ebron slip all the way to 18. If Buffalo passes on him at 9, as we have them doing here, I could see him falling to New York. Compared to Jimmy Graham, he’s the next in a recent outpouring of big bodied, athletic, pass catching tight ends. The Jets need to give their quarterback whether it’s Geno Smith or Michael Vick a go to security blanket. Ebron would be just that.
19. Miami Dolphins: Taylor Lewan, OT, Michigan: You may have heard, but the Dolphins had some issues on their offensive line last season. Branden Albert will man the left tackle position in Miami. If Lewan falls to 19, he’s the perfect complement on the other side.
20. Arizona Cardinals: Anthony Barr, OLB, UCLA: The Arizona defense is one of the best in the league. Adding Barr would be quite the steal at 20th overall. A converted college running back who excelled when moved to linebacker, Barr’s an ideal fit for Arizona’s 3 4 attack. He’s been listed as high as sixth overall in mock drafts. He could end up being the prize of the first round at 20.
21. Green Bay Packers: Ryan Shazier, OLB, Ohio State: Not the flashiest name on the board, but one that could fit right into Dom Capers’ 3 4 scheme. He’ll play the OLB spot at the next level, an area where he excelled at Ohio State. He recorded back to back 115 tackle seasons and had a conference best 143 tackles in 2013. A pass rushing talent you can’t find everywhere and one of the draft gems multiple sources around the league have in their first round.
22. Philadelphia Eagles: Darqueze Dennard, CB, Michigan State: The Thorpe Award winner could slip all the way to 22. There’s been talk in league circles about his arms being too small and his physical style with smaller receivers at the college level not translating to the NFL. All that said, the man is a lock down corner and if he’s on the board at 22, Philadelphia would be more than thrilled to add him to their secondary. Will Chip Kelly draft a wide receiver? Yes, at some point. I don’t see him grabbing one here if Dennard’s still on the board.
23. Kansas City Chiefs: Brandin Cooks, WR, Oregon State: If the Chiefs keep this pick and Cooks is still on the board, the DeSean Jackson like speedster out of Oregon State could be a mighty good fit in Andy Reid’s West Coast offense. Cooks broke the record for receptions in a Pac 12 season last year and can play either the slot or outside.
24. Cincinnati Bengals: Timmy Jernigan, DT, Florida State: Jernigan’s not the biggest guy in the world, but uses leverage well and stuffs the run. The Bengals are always looking to add talent up front. If Jernigan falls to 24, he’d be a good fit.

items. With plenty of

2015年2月11日
Athalon NFL cheap red bottom shoes TAILGATE COOLER
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"Welcome to Switzerland," a man in a white lab coat says as we near a door marked "R D: Employees Only." Opposite this door, a guy is driving golf balls into a net about 10 feet in front of him. Off to his side, another man in a white lab coat is monitoring his progress on a computer screen, analyzing ball spin, launch angle, and a variety of other numbers and graphs. "We’re a non biased facility; we don’t care what you play christian louboutin shoes replica with," says John German, Supervisor of Fitter Operations for Hot Stix, a Scottsdale, Arizona based golf lab that looks more like the set of CSI.
Amrit Mathur on the economics of the IPL
Here’s the most telling stat about star player salaries in the IPL: Sachin Tendulkar and MS Dhoni earn Rs 1 crore (about $180,000) every year as part of BCCI’s Grade A list of centrally contracted players. That is said to be a fair estimate of the cheap nfl jerseys free shipping amount they also make from a single 20 over, 3.5 hour IPL game.
Recently I talked about this to Rahul Dravid, who said the commercially driven IPL has dramatically changed cricket’s ecosystem and with it the mindset of players. He cautioned that we shouldn’t be taken in by the politically correct noises players make about Test cricket being the ultimate challenge. The truth is, every young player wants to somehow land an IPL contract. That is what he is playing for. It is like every bright Indian student who wants to crack the Indian Institute of Technology and Indian Institute of Management exams to get into the country’s most prestigious colleges.
Indian cricketers are the chief beneficiaries of the IPL’s salary boom. As the tournament mandates that each team must play seven Indian players in its starting XI, the nine franchisees need to hire about 14 Indian players to build their squads. This means that approximately 125 Indian players benefit from what is effectively the BCCI/ IPL’s employment guarantee scheme.
Player salaries for capped Indian (and overseas) players are decided by forces more complex than in the era when cricketers were paid by their boards in a structure dictated by them. In a departure from that norm, the value of the players’ skills at the IPL are settled through an open and transparent auction. This hammer price becomes a combination of many different aspects: talent, important skill sets (in the 20 over format, multi utility allrounders are priceless), specific team needs, and/or the whims of an indulgent owner.
This ends up leaving little room for reputations or sentiment. All that matters is the perceived ability of the player to deliver in exceedingly challenging pressure situations. No surprise then that VVS Laxman, stately and stylish, did not interest buyers, Sourav Ganguly was spurned and Brian Lara received no bids. Meanwhile Adam Gilchrist and the Hussey brothers continue to go for plenty. Even an unproven Glenn Maxwell gets a massive million dollar contract, while Ricky Ponting and Michael Clarke, neither known for their T20 skills, attract much lower numbers.
When asked what the IPL means for seasoned pros like him, Dravid smiled and neatly deflected the question: it is a different world altogether, he said. "The other day I walked the ramp as part of a promotional event. When I started my career, I never imagined this would be part of a cricketer’s life!"
Non cricket factors also affect a player’s price, as teams are mindful of the commercial valuethey bring to their table. Three seasons ago, when Gautam Gambhir, Dinesh Karthik, AB de Villiers and Tillakaratne Dilshan had moved to other teams, Delhi opted for "value" picks but the change provoked disapproval from sponsors, who bemoanedthe lack of buzz around the squad. Not only does a team need stars who perform on the field but also marquee names that excite their commercial partners, who are looking for to find a way to leverage their association and reach their customers.
In this complex arrangement there are some unsaid, unwritten rules. Replica Sunglasses One: Indian players count. Except for a handful of overseas names like Gilchrist, Brett Lee and Kevin Pietersen, Indian corporates and Indian fans want Indian cricket stars, which is why Munaf Patel and R Ashwin matter more than Morne Morkel and de Villiers. Two: controversy is bad for commerce, so there is no place for anyone, however good, if he spells trouble.
While commercial forces may be fundamental to every aspect of the IPL’s functioning (including the franchise sale in the first place), the IPL’s most bizarre move has been denying domestic Indian nfl jerseys nike china players market driven rewards. Instead, it has arbitrarily capped payments to Ranji and Under 19 players, ostensibly to prevent them from getting "corrupted" by cash. Under these regulations, Ambati Rayudu, who is yet to play for India, can only earn Rs 30 lakhs (about $55,000) while Saurabh Tiwary, Venugopal Rao, Abhishek Nayar all of whom represented Indiabriefly fetch far more.
Even at these artificially depressed rates, there still remains a crazy scramble for IPL contracts wholesale nhl jerseys among uncapped domestic cricketers. The contracts are a passport to a dazzling world of unimaginable fame and riches. All manner of player agents sleazy, slick and suave have popped up and they lobby and aggressively pitch on behalf of their clients. Most Indian cricketers, including U 19s now operate through these agents. It is not unusual for IPL team managers to have their inbox flooded with smartly produced player portfolios.
In the early days of the IPL, franchisees paid serious money to hire top players in order to attract attention towards their brands and engage with fans. Later, faced with financial losses, and alive to the danger of rising player cost that could damage Cheap Michael Kors the balance sheet and permanently cripple their business, teams got smarter in picking players. They are still a distance away from the Moneyball levels, but a clear understanding now exists that the player salary expense, unless capped, can wreak havoc.
Players have become rich, but for some, the cash has become a curse. Yusuf Pathan, Saurabh Tiwary and a host of high cost players have withered, crushed by the weight of expectation, the gnawing anxiety to justify their costand the fearsome, although tacit, disapproval of annoyed owners.
There are two sides to earning large salaries in the IPL. Players who earn large sums may also have to surrender some of their commercial rights to team sponsors and partners. Player images are used for advertising but conditions apply: the association of sponsors must be with the team as a whole and advertising cannot be turned into a player’s personal endorsement. Players are not individually required to promote a product and any commercial communication requires a minimum of three players to feature together, all wearing the official team jersey.
Players believe there are not enough safeguards in place to protect personal endorsements, because in the wake of the IPL, the market has slumped sharply and demand for individual player endorsements has dried up, except for the few Big Boys (like Tendulkar, Dhoni, and Virat Kohli) who have commercial currency of their own. The rest have been blown away in a marketplace where it makes better business sense for sponsors to associate with a team, and gain access to key players through this partnership.
Still, players stand to benefit cost wise. For overseas players the money on offer for six weeks of work is game changing. Sensing this ground reality, cricket boards (especially those with a history of payment defaults and delays) have made peace with their players about participation in the IPL. The ECB is yet to sort out its response, but after the KP controversy and Matt Prior’s articulations and the PCA statements, there should be some shift in its position soon.
For Indian players, the IPL is a major leap towards making cricket a viable career. The money offers incentive, insurance, compensation and a certain amount of job security. Of all the IPL’s stakeholders, the players are the most critical. The player contract reflects this and is completely pro player all players are assured performance delinked guaranteed payment, and there is no penalty clause. The extent of pay protection in the IPL far exceeds that provided by the Indian government to its employees. (I say this as a former government employee myself). The suggestion some seasons ago that 20% of a contracted player wage would be payable only if the team qualifies for the Champions League was promptly shot down byIndian players.
Besides the comfort of assured payments, there are other benefits too. The IPL mandates that at least 50% of prize money is shared with players. Any trading or transfer can only take place with the consent of the player, and his wage can’t be lowered during the contract period under any circumstance.
The peripherals are equally enticing: players are entitled to business class travel, five starhotel stay, and a $100 daily allowance. The franchise picks up the service tax liability, and in the case of foreign players, contributes 10% of the salary to their national boards. Players lose out on minor amounts when they miss games due to injury (50% of the match fee, which is an individual calculation based on their auction fee divided by the number of matches they play)and for non selection.
In any business, the customer is king but in cricket normal rules of economics don’t apply. In the IPL ecosystem it is the players, and in this case the Indian players, who call the shots.
The next article in the series will look at how an IPL franchise prepares to host matches during the season
IPL rewards performance. When you don’t perform then the audience sees you for what you are and no selection bias ( ethnicity, region parochialism, favoritism, past reputation, etc) can help you. Likewise the performing player gets rewarded. That’s the way it should be. Take basketball, soccer and any of the popular team sports with mass audience appeal. The team owners pay their players well. It’s their performance which brings in the money. The ticket collection alone for any IPL game is around Rs 100 million. There are some 100 odd IPL matches being played. That’s Rs 10 billion revenue from ticket sales alone. Other revenues to the IPL come from sales of TV rights, internet rights, event sponsorship rights, ground advertising, merchandising rights, etc. These revenues get split between IPL board and the franchises. Obviously, there has to be performance, else IPL will not be sustainable year after year. This isn’t a one off successful movie. are paid as highly as they are has everything to do with where they come from. The world’s largest economy, which, even today, is larger than the combined GDP of the next 3 or 4 countries (the difference was far more a few years ago). Which are the big economies backing cricket? The UK (6), India (10) and Australia (12) (UN numbers for 2012). Their combined GDP can’t match Japan, never mind China or the USA. I’d imagine in PPP terms, though, Indian cricketers get paid as much, if not more, than most NFL and NBA players.
’Smith’s record in India is an aberration’
Modern Masters: Rahul Dravid and Sanjay Manjrekar discuss Graeme Smith’s terrific record in different conditions
A hole in England’s bucket
Jarrod Kimber: Overworked bowlers, poor selection, and plenty of business jargon England’s cup of woe is full

A Shadow History

2015年2月11日
A Shadow History of American Football
Football. The very word sends shivers of testosterone through strong men’s ovaries. But what IS American footballery? Who are the athletes behind this mysterious sport? How does one do a football game? The answers to no more than two of these questions will be found in this . the Gentleman’s Guide to American Football.
Football is, and always will be, a rough and tumble game. However, its mortality rate has dropped sharply now that the National Football League no longer issues jousting lances to players.
Originating in New York’s Five Points district with teams like the Jets, the Sharks, and the Dead Rabbits, the game was played in the street, and ah, God! it was horrifying! Sir, you couldn’t advance 3 yards without squelching a loose eyeball underfoot, but if you made a touchdown, you ruled that neighborhood and were allowed to collect protection money until the end of the game.
Women in those days went Wholesale Bags wild for a footballer, and to seduce a champion, many went so far as to bathe. The best portrait of the game’s glory days comes from the autobiography Football Me: Whaddayagotta Problem Wid’ Dat? by defensive end "Jostling" Jim Joyce:
"And me when a hit to the lineman was good in these days for a bare shoulders tart, O! I should love to lick such lovely farty fannies. For me her hair came down but a swollen Cheap Wholesale Sunglasses so was the cranium of my addled skully brains that the leather helmet would not take off and, it’s alright, said Mara dear, ’tis alright, Jimmy, but her look of disappointment made me weep and then ’twas poverty aye much."
Joyce died of extensive brain damage while writing the book, and critics suspect his editor fabricated the bulk of the text. Its remaining 211 pages waver between masturbation tales and a battle with a cyclops, possibly as an extended metaphor for Joyce’s rivalry with the Minnesota Vikings’ Odin "Berserker" Borrson. Borrson had only one eye, but man could he scramble! (Interestingly, he was the game’s first casualty, killed by a late hit from Skjornmir Icefang china nfl jerseys nike of the Shakopee Frost Giants.)It’s just a shame the Ravens weren’t a team back then.
League Formation and Early Teams
The direct precursor of our National Football League was the Football Men’s No Homosexual Touching League, which adapted its "NFL" moniker after incorporating the failing By Jehoshaphat, Fellows, This Is Cracking Fun Arrgh My Teeth League.
It was not uncommon in those days for coaches to sic lions, bears, and irate goats upon their players to motivate them forward, but as the game established a fast set of rules, these creatures were sidelined with honorary positions as mascots. This, in turn, led to local teams adapting colorful identities, unlike European football (soccer) clubs, who have simple geographic names like the Hottentam Shotspours, La Societe du Kicking de Paris, and Yo No Puedo Creer es Real Madrid.
The earliest known roster was compiled in 1910 by the League of Huzzah for the Football and Mustaches! The listed teams were:
Every single player on these teams died in World War I during a game of inter company football.
By far the greatest player of the time was Oskar "Butterscotch Nipples" Jaskowicsz, also known as "the Polish Meat Grinder," due to his tendency to murder opposing players and serve them in a pie to unsuspecting officials before the match. These savory pastries curried a lot of favor with referees and allowed Jaskowicsz to get away with on field shenanigans until his shocking crimes were discovered and then disregarded because he was too valuable to the Depression economy to imprison.
Mugsy wholesale jerseys china "Two Knives" Marone (FB) The Kewaunee Coyotes
Patrick the Filthy Irishman (RB) The Liberty Island Wretched Refuse
Scribbly Mayer The Bangor Jews
Marty "Malignancy" Huckleberry (TB, which at the time was a player with tuberculosis who coughed on defenders) Dodge City Deadshots
Jimmy "The Iron Pants" Shenanigans (DT) The Olympia Olympians Not Affiliated With the Olympic Games
Knuckles McFistpunch (TE) The Chicago Violence
Bub Shambling (DZ, Defensive Zombie, a position eliminated from modern play) The Miami Sleepwalkers
History was made in 1901 when the league recruited Whitey Uptighterson (FS the Paleyville Lilies), an African American whose light skin allowed him to pass for Caucasian in an overwhelmingly white area. Uptighterson shot to stardom in his rookie season when he intercepted a pass and ran 42 yards to win the Gravy Bowl against the heavily favored Rabbit Hash Recalcitrants.
With his picture plastered on the front of the paper, Uptighterson was soon outed as one Thomas Aiken, a local cobbler. There was much uproar, and some felt the new champions "hadn’t really won the game" because a player’s great great grandmother had been one sixteenth black. What nerve! Don’t worry, the IOC stripped him of his medals against their own bylaws and he died destitute.
Oh, there were plenty, but we couldn’t tell you who. We don’t see skin color. We see achievement. Sorry for not partaking in your discriminatory social constructs.
Football as we know it came into being in 1969, when the NFL merged with the AFL and abandoned the shotgun euthanization of injured athletes (although many players continued to be put down by gentler methods off the field). New rules were adopted for the well being of all, including caps on how high a bounty could be for injuring an opponent’s spine, establishing a single spelling of "Houshmandzadeh," and sending an all star team led by Maurice Jones Drew to hurl the One Ring back into Lincoln Financial Field.

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